Korea is rich in traditions and celebrations, with a vibrant calendar full of public holidays and unique special days. From historical commemorations to modern festivities, these Korean holidays and special days provide a fascinating glimpse into Korean culture and society.
Whether you’re interested in understanding the significance of Seollal and Chuseok or discovering quirky, fun holidays that bring people together, this guide will take you through the diverse array of observances that make Korea’s annual schedule so special.
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Korean National Holidays
These are public holidays (공휴일, gonghyuil) designated by the Korean government.
Saehae Cheotnal (새해 첫날 / New Year’s Day)
When is the New Year’s Day, Saehae Cheotnal? January 1
In Korea, to distinguish it from Seollal (Lunar New Year), Koreans refer to January 1st on the Gregorian calendar as “Solar New Year” or “New Year’s Day.”
As in other cultures, Koreans celebrate the first day of the New Year. Many visit the coast or the mountains to watch the first sunrise of the year.
This day once substituted Seollal (Lunar New Year) and was a three-day holiday, but now it is just one day off.
In South Korea, although families do not gather as they do for the Lunar New Year, it is common to eat tteokguk (rice cake soup) at home, and some families also celebrate New Year’s Day on January 1st of the Gregorian calendar. The significance of the first day of the new year, with events like the Bosingak Bell-Ringing Ceremony and sunrise celebrations across the country, is much stronger than that of the Lunar New Year.
Koreans commonly exchange New Year greetings such as “새해 복 많이 받으세요” (Happy New Year), much like during the Lunar New Year. KBS and SBS host acting awards, MBC hosts the Gayo Daejejeon (a music festival), and various broadcasters conduct countdown events leading up to the first minute of the new year.
Seollal (설날 / Lunar New Year’s Day)
When is Seollal? January 1 according to the lunar calendar (It changes every year. It usually falls in January or February in the solar calendar.)
Seollal is the Korean New Year, a significant traditional holiday celebrated according to the lunar calendar. Seollal, the Lunar New Year in Korea, is one of the two biggest Korean holidays, along with Chuseok. Koreans celebrate it as a three-day holiday.
Read the complete guide to Seollal, including the dates in upcoming years, the meaning of Seollal, its traditions, and traditional Seollal foods.
Samiljeol (삼일절 / Independence Movement Day)
When is Samiljeol, Independence Movement Day? March 1
Samiljeol (삼일절 / Independence Movement Day) is South Korea’s national holiday to commemorate and celebrate Samilundong (삼일운동), The March 1st Movement. The March 1st Movement, also known as the Independence Movement, was a prominent protest by Korean people calling for Korea’s independence from Japan.
As the name of the movement indicates, the protest began on March 1st, 1919. This event has been a symbol of resistance and strength of the spirit of the Korean People since. No invasion of other sovereign nations can not be justified.
Eorininal (어린이날 / Children’s Day)
When is Eorininal, Children’s Day? May 5
It is a commemorative Korean holiday to value the dignity of children and pursue their happiness. On this day, various events are held across the country for children.
If you enjoy theme parks or activities, this may not be the best day to visit. While there will be more events and celebrations, expect large crowds.
Bucheonim osin nal (부처님 오신 날 / Buddha’s Birthday)
When is Buddha’s Birthday? April 8 according to the lunar calendar (It changes every year. It usually falls in May in the solar calendar)
Buddha’s Birthday, or Seokga Tanshinil (석가탄신일), is the day in Buddhism that commemorates the birth of Siddhartha Gautama. It is the most significant holiday in Buddhism, featuring various celebratory events such as commemorative services, lantern festivals, lantern parades, releasing animals, and pagoda circling. Since it falls on the 8th day of April in the lunar calendar, traditionally Koreans have called the day Sawolchopail (사월초파일).
If you visit South Korea around Buddha’s Birthday, be sure to visit nearby temples for the Lotus Lantern Festival. Most Korean temples celebrate Buddha’s Birthday with this beautiful festival, and they are well worth a visit. Among these, the Samgwangsa Lotus Lantern Festival in Busan (pictured) is one of the most renowned.
Hyeongchungil (현충일 / Memorial Day)
When is Hyeongchungil, Memorial Day? June 6
Memorial Day serves to honor the soldiers and civilians who have given their lives to South Korea. On this day, a national commemoration ceremony is held at the Seoul National Cemetery and Daejeon National Cemetery.
At 10 a.m. on Hyeongchungil, a siren rings all over the country, and people have silent prayers for one minute to commemorate the souls lost for Mother country. The national flag is flown at half-staff on this day.
Jeheonjeol (제헌절 / Constitution Day)
When is Jeheonjeol, Constitution Day? July 17
Constitution Day commemorates the enactment of the Constitution of the Republic of Korea on July 17, 1948. The Constitution is the supreme law of South Korea, and it sets out the basic principles of the government, the rights of the people, and the structure of the state.
Constitution Day was first designated as a national holiday in 1949. It stopped being a public holiday with a day off in 2008 due to changes in labor laws regarding working hours. After an 18-year gap, it was reinstated as a public holiday starting in 2026.
Gwangbokjeol (광복절 / Liberation Day)
When is Gwangbokjeol, Liberation Day? August 15
Gwangbokjeol is a national holiday in South Korea to commemorate the end of Japan’s 35-year colonial rule over Korea during which Koreans faced severe oppression and the restoration of Korea’s sovereignty.
The liberation allowed Koreans to regain our autonomy, marking a pivotal moment in our history. The day is a commemoration of national identity, unity, and resilience, celebrating the determination and strength of Koreans during and after colonial rule. It serves as a reminder of our struggles and triumphs in regaining freedom.
Chuseok (추석 / Korean Thanksgiving)
When is Chuseok? August 15 according to the lunar calendar (It changes yearly. It usually falls in September or October in the solar calendar.)
Chuseok, also known as Hangawi, is one of South Korea’s biggest holidays, along with Seollal (Lunar New Year’s Day). Like Seollal, it is celebrated over three days.
Internationally referred to as Korean Thanksgiving, Chuseok is a joyful time for Koreans. Families gather to celebrate with traditional foods and various fun activities.
Explore the complete guide to Chuseok, including future dates, the history of the holiday, its customs, and traditional Chuseok foods.
Gaecheonjeol (개천절 / National Foundation Day)
When is Gaecheonjeol, National Foundation Day? October 3
Gaecheonjeol, meaning “the day the sky opened,” commemorates the founding of Gojoseon (고조선), the first Korean nation, by Dangun Wanggeom (단군왕검), marking the beginning of Korean history. It is one of the five major national holidays.
Hangeulnal (한글날 / Korean Alphabet Day)
When is Hangeulnal? October 9
Hangeulnal commemorates the proclamation of Hunminjeongeum, the manuscript that introduced the Hangeul, by King Sejong the Great in 1446, one of the greatest figures in Korean history.
It celebrates the originality and scientific principles of Hangeul and aims to promote awareness and appreciation of the Korean alphabet. Hangeul Day is one of the five major national holidays.
Various events themed around Hangeul are held nationwide on this day. On this day, using pure Korean words is encouraged. For example, the number of years of Hangeul Day is counted using “돌” (dol), a pure Korean word, instead of “주년” (ju-nyeon) or “회” (hoe), which are Sino-Korean words.
Gidoktansinil (기독탄신일 / Christmas)
When is Christmas? December 25
Christmas Day is a national holiday in South Korea, observed regardless of one’s religion. Although “Gidoktansinil (기독탄신일)” is the official name of the Korean government for Christmas, I don’t think many Koreans recognize it. Instead, we commonly refer to it as “Seongtanjeol” (성탄절) or simply “Christmas.”
Koreans celebrate Christmas in various ways along with New Year’s Day. Many places in South Korea, especially major cities, are adorned with festive lights and decorations.
For Christians in South Korea, attending church services on Christmas Eve or Christmas Day is an important tradition. Gift-giving is a part of the celebration, though it is typically less elaborate than in Western countries.
Santa Claus, known as “Santa Harabeoji” (Santa Grandpa), is a popular figure among children. Department stores and malls often have Santa Claus events where children can meet Santa and receive small gifts.
Christmas is one of the major shopping seasons in South Korea, coinciding with year-end sales. Many stores offer holiday sales and promotions, making it a popular time for shopping.
Christmas in South Korea is also considered a romantic holiday, similar to Valentine’s Day. Couples often spend the day together, exchanging gifts and going out for special dinners or dates.
Christmas-themed movies, TV shows, and music are popular during the holiday season. Korean television often broadcasts Christmas specials and concerts. These festive programs contribute to the overall joyful and celebratory atmosphere of Christmas in South Korea.
Substitute Holidays
If the Seollal or Chuseok holidays coincide with Sunday (not Saturday) or another public holiday, the first weekday after the holiday will be designated as a substitute holiday. Similarly, if Children’s Day or a national holiday falls on another public holiday, Saturday, or Sunday, the first weekday following the holiday will be designated as a substitute holiday.
Election Days
In South Korea, presidential election day, National Assembly election day, and local election day are national holidays.
Special Days and Commemorative Days in South Korea
These are not public holidays, but many Koreans commemorate or celebrate these days. Some hold historical significance in Korean history, while others are commercial holidays simply for fun. (These are in chronological order of dates.)
Jeongwol Daeboreum (정월대보름).
When is Jeongwol Daeboreum? January 15 according to the lunar calendar (It changes yearly.)
Jeongwol Daeboreum, literally meaning “Great Full Moon of the First Month,” is a traditional Korean holiday celebrated on the 15th day of the lunar calendar’s first month. It is the first full moon day after Seollal (Lunar New Year) and its other name is “Sangwon.”
While it is commonly known for moon-viewing, it is believed that historically it was celebrated even more grandly than Seollal. There was a saying that even debt collectors would not make demands during this time, indicating how significant the festival was in the past. It also marked the last day for performing New Year’s greetings.
On this day, people eat bureom (부름, nuts), ogokbap (오곡밥, five-grain rice), yakbap (약밥, sweet rice cake), gwibalgisul (귀밝이술, ear-quickening wine), gim (김, dried seaweed), seasoned herbs, and seasonal fish to wish for health and good fortune in the coming year.
Valentine’s Day & White Day
Koreans celebrate Valentine’s Day and White Day in somewhat different ways from Western countries.
Valentine’s Day
When is Valentine’s Day? February 14
In South Korea, Valentine’s Day is a day when women traditionally give chocolate to men. This gesture can be romantic, friendly, or even a sign of appreciation for coworkers and friends.
People tend to give premium chocolates to significant others, while simpler treats would be just fine for friends and colleagues. The day is an opportunity for women to express their affection and interest in a special someone.
White Day
When is White Day? March 14
White Day is celebrated exactly one month after Valentine’s Day and serves as a counterpart to it. On this day, supposedly men who received chocolates on Valentine’s Day reciprocate the gesture by giving sweets, usually chocolates, candies, or other gifts, to the women who gifted them. Everyone knows this romantic day is a commercial idea, but still keeps celebrating it.
Because of these two romantic special days, the 14th of each month has got its name subsequently. Just for fun here is a list.
The List of the 14th of Each Month in South Korea
- January 14: Diary Day
- February 14: Valentine’s Day
- March 14: White Day
- April 14: Black Day
- May 14: Rose Day
- June 14: Kiss Day
- July 14: Silver Day
- August 14: Green Day
- September 14: Photo Day
- October 14: Wine Day
- November 14: Movie Day
- December 14: Hug Day
I can’t say for sure how much Korean couples celebrate all these special days, except for Valentine’s Day and White Day.
Most of the days on the list are for couples, but Black Day (April 14) is for those who didn’t receive sweets on Valentine’s Day or White Day. On this day, single people gather to eat Jjajangmyeon (black bean noodles). The popular Korean TV show “I’m Solo” clearly demonstrates how Jjajangmyeon has become a symbol of being single.
Geullojaui Nal (근로자의 날 / Korean Labor Day or Workers’ Day)
When is Geullojaui Nal, Labor Day? May 1
May 1st is Korean Labor Day. This day is not an official public holiday for government offices, so they remain open and students attend school. However, it is a commemorative day and a holiday for general workers, including those employed by private companies and self-employed businesses.
Eobeoinal (어버이날 / Parent’s Day)
When is Eobeoinal, Parent’s Day? May 8
It is a commemorative day to express gratitude to parents. “Eobeoi” (어버이) is a Korean word referring to both father and mother. There is a tradition of giving carnations to parents on this day.
Seuseungui Nal (스승의 날 / Teacher’s Day)
When is Seuseungui Nal, Teacher’s Day? May 15
It is a day to express gratitude to teachers. The day of May 15th coincides with King Sejong’s birthday according to the solar calendar. Although it is a commemorative day primarily for students and teachers, it is widely recognized throughout South Korea.
Oilpal Gwangju Minjuhwa Hangjaeng (오일팔 광주 민주화 항쟁 / 518 The Gwangju Uprising)
When is 518 The Gwangju Uprising? May 18
518 the Gwangju Uprising is the civilian-led protest against the former authoritarian regime of Chun Doo-hwan on May 18, 1980. The uprising occurred as the military and Chun banned any political activities, arrested opposition leaders, and suppressed the press.
The South Korean military suppressed the protesters violently with bullets and tanks. During the uprising, more than 200 civilians died and 1,800 people were wounded. This is one of the saddest events in modern Korean history, yet the spirit of 5.18 has become the base of Korean democracy.
Seongnyeonui Nal (성년의 날 / Coming-of-Age Day)
When is Seongnyeonui Nal, Coming-of-Age Day? The third Monday of May
The day is meant to encourage new adults who turn 19 that year and to remind them of their responsibilities as adults. On Coming-of-Age Day, three traditional gifts are given: perfume, roses, and a kiss. Historically, during the Goryeo and Joseon dynasties, there were similar coming-of-age ceremonies.
Yugioh Jeonjaeng (6.25 전쟁 / The Korean War)
When is 6.25 Jeonjaeng, The Korean War? June 25
This is not a holiday but a significant day in Korea’s modern history.
In South Korea, “6.25 /yu-gi-oh/” refers to the Korean War, which began on June 25, 1950, when North Korean forces invaded South Korea. This date marks a significant and somber moment in Korean history, as the war led to immense destruction, loss of life, and lasting divisions between the North and South.
22 countries of the United Nations sent soldiers and aid to help South Korea. We salute them.
Boknal (복날: Chobok, Jungbok, Malbok – 초복, 중복, 말복)
When is Boknal (Chobok, Jungbok, and Makbok)? They change annually.
Chobok, Jungbok, and Malbok, collectively referred to as Boknal or Sambok, mark the hottest days of summer in South Korea. The term “삼복더위 /sam-bok-deo-wi/”, meaning Sambok heat is derived from this period, indicating extremely hot weather.
Chobok is the first Boknal, Jungbok is the second, and Malbok is the third. Chobok falls on the third Gyeong day (one of the ten Heavenly Stems) after the summer solstice, Jungbok on the fourth Gyeong day, and Malbok on the first Gyeong day after the start of autumn based on the lunar calendar.
There is a tradition of eating Samgyetang (ginseng chicken soup) on Boknal. As the weather heats up, the body can become tired and lose energy. Chicken and ginseng are warming foods, and consuming Samgyetang is believed to help the body recover from fatigue caused by the heat. Additionally, eating hot Samgyetang during the hot summer is thought to harness the principle of “이열치열 /yi-yeol-chi-yeol” meaning fighting heat with heat.
Pepero Day (빼빼로 데이)
When is Pepero Day? November 11
Pepero is a chocolate-covered cookie stick from the Korean confectionery company, Lotte. Pepero Day is not an official holiday, but it is celebrated annually, especially among younger generations. Originally, couples exchanged gifts including Pepero, but the celebration has extended to friends, coworkers, and more.
The exact origin of Pepero Day is unclear, but the most common guess is that it relates to the similarity between the shape of the snack, four sticks (pictured), and the date (11/11, four ones). It was likely a marketing idea from Lotte.
Suneung (수능/CSAT)
When is Suneungil, CSAT Day? On the third Thursday in November
Suneung, abbreviated from Daehaksuhakneungnyeoksiheom (대학수학능력시험, The College Scholastic Ability Test or CSAT), is a standardized test recognized by South Korean universities.
Given the strong emphasis on education in Korea, Suneung Day is a highly significant event that impacts various aspects of daily life. On test day, the Korea Exchange (KRX) stock market opens late, and bus and metro services are increased to reduce traffic congestion and help students reach their testing sites on time.
Planes are grounded during the English listening test to ensure that noise does not disturb the examinees. In some cases, students running late for the test may receive police escorts to their testing locations. Younger students and family members often gather outside testing sites to cheer on the test-takers.
After Suneung, there are a lot of events and marketing targeting examinees as well.
Related Post: Complete Guide to Chuseok
Read the complete guide to Chuseok, one of Korea’s biggest holidays.
Related Post: Complete Guide to Seollal
Seollal is one of the biggest Korean holidays along with Chuseok. Read the full post about Seollal.
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About Author
Young Yang, a native Korean, has lived in South Korea for over 30 years. With a wealth of experience, he brings a unique perspective to those eager to explore and understand the rich tapestry of South Korea’s culture, history, and language. Read his full bio.
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